Ollantaytambo is a historic Inca town in Peru’s Sacred Valley known for its massive stone terraces, ceremonial temples, and as a main train gateway to Machu Picchu. As one of the few remaining living Inca towns, Ollantaytambo is a must-see stop for travelers heading from Cusco to Machu Picchu. From its ancient ruins to its vibrant culture, this destination continues to impress travelers. This guide will help you understand its history, attractions, and how to visit.
Before reading the full travel guide, this video provides a quick look at Ollantaytambo’s archaeological site, town layout, and surrounding scenery. It helps travelers get a sense of the destination and understand why it plays such an important role on the route to Machu Picchu.
Discover everything about this fantastic attraction of the Sacred Valley
- Overview of Ollantaytambo, Peru
- History of Ollantaytambo and Its Inca Legacy
- Things to Do in Ollantaytambo
- Exploring the Ollantaytambo Ruins and Archaeological Site
- How to Get to Ollantaytambo from Cusco
- Best Time to Visit Ollantaytambo: Weather, Seasons, and Crowds
- Travel Tips for Visiting Ollantaytambo
- FAQs About Ollantaytambo
Overview of Ollantaytambo, Peru
Using the map of the Sacred Valley of the Incas as a reference, we can find Ollantaytambo at its westernmost point. This important agricultural, military, and religious center is located 60 km northeast of Cusco at an elevation of 2,792 meters above sea level. From its stone streets to a living Inca culture that maintains its traditions, its lands hold many charms. However, what truly captivates is its archaeological site, which shares the same name, but we will discuss that later.
History of Ollantaytambo and Its Inca Legacy
In pre-Columbian times, a portion of the Aymara people inhabited this territory and referred to it as “Ullantawi”. According to their language, this term means a lookout point or a place to look down. These ancient people recognized the area’s steep slopes, which were extremely useful as strategic outposts. To better understand the historical context, this occurred during the Inca’s expansion era, hence the importance of invasions.
However, in the mid-15th century, the inevitable occurred when the Inca ruler Pachacuti conquered the Aymara people. The Inca forces then took control of their lookout post and quickly improved and fortified it with new constructions. Thus, its name changed to “Ullantay”, a term derived from the Quechua language. To this, they added the expression “Tampu”, which referred to ancestral settlements that offered food and lodging.
The expansion and architectural improvement of the settlement were inevitable, but everything changed with the Spanish invasion. In January 1537, after losing in Cusco, Manco Inca used it as his last refuge in the Andes. Surprisingly, the Inca forces won the initial battle, but European reinforcements soon arrived and managed to take control of the town. This led to the looting of riches and the construction of several colonial temples and mansions on the site.
The Story of Ollantay
Although less well-documented, the story of Ollantay, an ancient Inca general, is related to the town’s name. This tale refers to the forbidden love between this general and the Inca princess Cusi Coyllur. According to this narrative, this fortress was a key location in the unfolding events. While we won’t delve too deeply into this story, it is interesting to learn about it as part of the Andean tradition.
Ollantaytambo Today
Today, this picturesque town is one of the most important in the area because of its valuable Inca constructions. Many of its original Inca structures remain remarkably intact today. Likewise, the people who still live there maintain their Inca traditions from generation to generation. With a deep connection to the past and culture, this place continues to write its history on its cobblestone streets.
Things to Do in Ollantaytambo
Time to discuss the main attractions of this wonderful place. Any visitor to the Sacred Valley of the Incas will visit Ollantaytambo for one reason or another. From cultural attractions to historical sites, visitors will find a wide range of diverse experiences. Below, we present the most popular tourist attractions you can experience here.
Walk Through the Original Inca Streets
The cobblestone streets and colonial buildings of Ollantaytambo are undoubtedly one of its most striking features. Not only are they the primary evidence of ancient civilizations, but they are also remarkably well-preserved. The Inca structures, set amidst an exceptional natural environment, offer a beautiful and photogenic panorama that anyone will enjoy. Likewise, the narrow streets, lined with numerous shops and businesses, transport visitors deep into the Andes.
Shop at the Ollantaytambo Artisan Market for Local Crafts
Another highlight is its open-air market, located close to the entrance of the archaeological park. Here, tourists can find countless souvenirs such as handicrafts, alpaca items, jewelry, textiles, and more. With highly competitive prices and a strong local presence, this is a must-see when visiting Ollantaytambo. Remember to bring cash in soles (the local currency) for easy transactions.
Where to Eat in Ollantaytambo: Local Food and Drinks
Peru is world-renowned for its unparalleled culinary diversity. Fortunately, this town also boasts a wide array of restaurants offering a variety of options. From traditional dishes to modern interpretations, finding a place to eat in Ollantaytambo is incredibly easy. Visitors often gravitate towards the Plaza de Armas, which offers a variety of establishments and a peaceful, welcoming atmosphere.
As for drinks, in addition to classic cocktails, you’ll find spirits like the traditional Matacuy or Caña Alta. While some establishments offer free tastings, most do not. Among the top choices are Esquina Resto Bar and Cerveceria del Valle Sagrado. However, we suggest researching and reading reviews of establishments before visiting to make a more informed decision.
Learn About Inca History Through Local Archaeological Sites
Immersing yourself in the rich local history is more than just interesting; the town offers constant reminders of its Inca past. Virtually every corner of the town and its surroundings has something to offer visitors. Its archaeological sites are definitely the best way to immerse yourself in this magnificent panorama. Besides the ruins of the city, you could visit Pinkuylluna, Punamarca Punku Punku, or Qelloraqay, among others.
Exploring the Ollantaytambo Ruins and Archaeological Site
The Ollantaytambo archaeological site is a must-see, and for many, it’s the main reason to visit the town. The reason is clear: there’s a wide variety of Inca ruins that are easy to spot and have a strong connection to history. Like the town’s buildings, these remains preserve the magic and atmosphere of ancestral civilizations. Here are some of the most outstanding attractions:
The Royal House of the Sun
Seventeen large Andean terraces comprise the Royal House of the Sun, structures that descend to the base of the mountain. Besides supporting the Inca fortress, this building had agricultural importance. Its areas were ideal for cultivating Andean products, especially local grains. Thus, in addition to serving as a foundation, it was a way to take advantage of the nutrient-rich soil.
The Choqana Fort
Just two kilometers from the town is the Choqana Fort, an ancient administrative center and checkpoint. According to research, the construction of this small fortress dates back to the Aymara period. However, its true importance lay in its role as part of the town’s defensive system. This is because it offers a unique vantage point for controlling the valley thanks to its spectacular strategic views.
Kuychipunku
People also know this esplanade as the Plaza of Petitions, and it is near the entrance to the site. Its walls are notable for their small openings, which, according to accounts, were entrances or gates to the main enclosure. Its tranquil setting provides a perfect starting point before exploring the Inca ruins and terraces.
Templo del Sol
The six colossal stone blocks, assembled with incredible precision, form part of the Temple of the Sun. This enormous wall of monolithic structures captivates visitors with its sheer scale. One of its pieces alone measures 2 meters wide and 4 meters high. In addition to its imposing size, its details are remarkable, such as its trapezoidal window and its carved chaqanas (Inca crosses).
Main gate and temple of the 10 niches
At the top of the ruins and the group of agricultural terraces stands the Temple of the Ten Niches and the main gate. Essentially, a portal of perfectly polished stone leads to a wall that once housed Inca mummies. For many photographers, this is the best spot to capture the spectacular views of the town. Also, from here you can view the most representative images of the archaeological site.
Baño de la Ñusta
The Ñusta’s Bath is a beautiful baptismal font that the Incas considered a liturgical and religious source. Originally, its interior had three water spouts for the exclusive use of the Inca princess. According to records, researchers only found this type of structure in the main cities of the Inca Empire. Today, a stream of water flows constantly from the font.
How to Get to Ollantaytambo from Cusco
As one of the best things to do in the Sacred Valley, there are many ways to visit Ollantaytambo. Most people consider Cusco their starting point, either because of its easy accessibility or the obvious complementary attractions. The trip from the city to the town takes approximately two hours and is a pleasant journey. Below are the most popular ways for tourists to visit Ollantaytambo.
- By carpool: Taking a carpool is the most economical way to get to the town. For approximately $7, you can take one of the many vans that depart frequently from near the historic center. However, keep in mind that space in the car is limited, so you won’t be able to bring much luggage.
- By private vehicle: Going by private vehicle is a viable option since the town of Ollantaytambo isn’t far. Fares vary and will depend on your specific starting point. This is an interesting option for those with limited time.
- With a tour agency: Hiring a travel agency is the best way to visit this place. Besides being able to tailor the trip to your schedule, you can combine it with other nearby destinations. The Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, the Maras salt mines, and Moray terraces are the favorites among visitors. The possibilities are numerous, so plan carefully before embarking on your trip.
Best Time to Visit Ollantaytambo: Weather, Seasons, and Crowds
In general, visitors to the Sacred Valley of the Incas enjoy a pleasant climate year-round. However, its two main seasons offer some details you might want to consider. Depending on your travel style, each season offers different advantages. Remember that many travelers consider the best time to visit Machu Picchu as a reference.
- Dry Season: Ollantaytambo’s dry season runs from April to October, when the weather is more stable. Sunny days and clear skies allow for leisurely excursions. Mornings are pleasant (18°C-25°C) and nights are cool (5°C-10°C). Worth noting is that these months attract the most visitors, so you should book in advance.
- Rainy Season: The lush, green landscapes are characteristic of the rainy season, which runs from November to March. The main difference from the dry season is the occasional rainfall, which intensifies in December, January, and February. The seasons are slightly warmer (11-18°C), and the perceived temperature is milder. Trail conditions after rain limit hiking, so keep that in mind.
Travel Tips for Visiting Ollantaytambo
Undoubtedly, the best advice for your visit to Ollantaytambo in the Sacred Valley of the Incas is to plan carefully. Anticipating details will make your trip even more enjoyable, although no one is immune to unexpected events. With that in mind, we want to offer some of the best suggestions before and during your trip.
- Purchase travel insurance: Unexpected events can happen while traveling, so you should purchase travel insurance. Fortunately, there is now a wide variety of options to choose from. However, it’s best to evaluate all available alternatives before making a decision.
- Buy the tourist ticket: The best way to visit several sites and spend only one amount is with the tourist ticket. This will grant you entry to several nearby tourist attractions (including the Ollantaytambo archaeological site). This way, you can easily visit Pisac on a day trip or other magical destinations in the Sacred Valley.
- Eat carefully: While Peru boasts impressive cuisine, you should be mindful of your food choices, especially during the first few days. The dishes you try here will likely be unfamiliar, so it’s best to start with something less extravagant. Fortunately, the culinary offerings also include some familiar dishes, so you might want to consider those.
- Pack appropriately: While the season influences what you pack for your trip, there are some essentials you shouldn’t forget. Sunscreen and hiking gear are among the most popular items visitors bring. However, waterproof clothing, trekking boots, a first-aid kit, and insect repellent are other suitable items.
- Include it in your Machu Picchu itinerary: Another important location in town is the Ollantaytambo train station, which connects to the Aguas Calientes town (the gateway to Machu Picchu). Taking advantage of this connection is ideal for optimizing your time. A relaxed and well-organized trip will allow you to experience more attractions.
FAQs About Ollantaytambo
Is Ollantaytambo worth visiting?
Yes, Ollantaytambo is definitely worth visiting because it combines delightful Inca ruins, beautiful mountain scenery, and a traditional town. It is one of the best-preserved Inca settlements in Peru and offers a more authentic and less crowded experience compared to other sites.
How long should I stay in Ollantaytambo?
Most travelers stay one to two days in Ollantaytambo, which is enough time to explore the ruins, walk around the town, and enjoy the Sacred Valley scenery. Staying overnight also helps you relax and acclimate before heading to Machu Picchu.
Can you visit Ollantaytambo without a tour?
Yes, you can easily visit Ollantaytambo without a tour. The town is small, walkable, and the archaeological site is well marked, allowing you to explore at your own pace if you prefer independent travel.
Do trains to Machu Picchu leave from Ollantaytambo?
Yes, many trains to Machu Picchu depart from Ollantaytambo station. It is one of the main and most popular departure points, especially for travelers coming from Cusco or the Sacred Valley.
What ticket do I need to enter the Ollantaytambo ruins?
To enter the Ollantaytambo ruins, you need the Cusco Tourist Ticket, specifically the Partial or Full Sacred Valley ticket. This ticket also gives access to other archaeological sites in the Sacred Valley.
Is Ollantaytambo higher than Cusco?
No, Ollantaytambo is slightly lower than Cusco. Cusco sits at about 3,400 meters (11,150 ft), while Ollantaytambo is around 2,800 meters (9,186 ft), making it a good place to adjust to the altitude.
What is the best time of year to visit Ollantaytambo?
The best time to visit Ollantaytambo is during the dry season, from May to September, when the weather is sunny and ideal for sightseeing. However, this is also the busiest time, so visiting in April or October offers a good balance of weather and fewer crowds.
Is Ollantaytambo included in Sacred Valley tours?
Yes, tour operators commonly include Ollantaytambo in Sacred Valley tours. Most full-day or half-day tours stop here, along with sites like Pisac and Chinchero, making it an essential part of the Sacred Valley experience.
“IF YOU ARE DELIGHTED TO BE IN ANCIENT RUINS, YOU ARE EITHER A CURIOUS HISTORIAN OR A ROMANTIC PERSON!”
As we see, Ollantaytambo is a destination that perfectly blends history, culture, and natural beauty. From its incredible archaeological site to its charming streets, it offers a deeper connection to the Inca world. Whether you stay for a few hours or a few days, this remarkable town leaves a lasting impression. Remember that you can add meaningful value to your journey through Peru with this and other similar destinations.
Ollantaytambo has so much to offer; it can be hard to know where to start. With many years of experience in the tourism sector, Machu Travel Peru is happy to help with anything regarding your trip to Ollantaytambo and any tours around it. Let us help you make your Ollantaytambo travel experience unforgettable! Contact us today to plan your dream adventure!
